Anesthesiology, Resuscitation and Intensive Care
Contributing Authors:
Linus Kutup, Eric Hoffmeister, Benjamin Kersch, Niclas Samirae, Tobias Verdegem, Alexander Wolff, Lara Afaneh, Joana Strzlkowski, Nadine Fernandez, Katharina Weitzel
1. Anesthesiology – definition, goals, types
Definition and Goals
Anesthesiology: → defined by American Board of Anesthesiology
→ a discipline within the practice of medicine, dealing with but not limited to
- Assessment of, consultation for and preparation of patients for anesthesia
- Relief an prevention of pain during and following surgical, obstetric, therapeutic and diagnostic procedures
- Monitoring and maintenance of of normal physiology during thee perioperative period
- Management of critically ill patients including those receiving care in the ICU
- Diagnosis of acute, chronic and cancer-related pain
- Management of hospice and palliative care
- Clinical management and teaching of cardiac, pulmonary and neurologic resuscitation.
- Evaluation of respiratory function and application of respiratory therapy.
- Conduct of clinical, translational and basic science research.
- Supervision, instruction and evaluation of performance of both medical and allied health personnel involved in perioperative or periprocedural care, hospice and palliative care, critical care and pain management.
- Administrative involvement in health care facilities and organizations and medical schools as appropriate to the ABA‘s mission
→ basically it encompasses anesthesia, intensive care medicine, critical emergency medicine
and pain medicine
Anesthesia: An – not, missing
Esthesia – feeling sensitivity
→ a temporarly and reversible depression of consciousness with amnesia, sensitivity for pain and the physiological pain reactions together with depression of lot of reflexes due to anesthetics
→ vital functions are preserved
→ a artificial situation which needs to achieve (4xA)
- A-kinesia
- A-mnesia
- A-reflexia
- A-nalgesia
Types
General Aneesthesia:
→ acts primarly on the brain and CNS to make the patient unconscious and unaware
Local Anesthesia
→ medicine given to temporarly stop the sense of pain in a particular area of the body
Regional anesthesia
→ injected to block pain around major nerves or the spinal cord
→ major types are
- spinal anesthesia
- epidural and caudal anesthesia
- nerve blocks